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HLTENN012 Implement And Monitor Care For Person
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HLTENN012 Implement And Monitor Care For Person
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Course Code: HLTENN012
University: Victoria University
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Country: Australia
Questions:
1.State the 4 most common sites for cancer development in Australia2.Briefly discuss the difference between a permanent and temporary tracheostomy3. For each of the following points discuss the impact of your chosen Chronic disease/health issue on the person effected. Include in your answers how family members can provide support4. Identify two strategies that could help prevent this disease/health condition happening.
Answer:
Cancer development sites in Australia include Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), Australian Cancer Research Foundation, Breast Cancer Action Group (BCAG) Victoria, Cancer Institute NSW and Cancer Australia (Cancer Council Victoria, 2018).
Q2 Tracheostomy is surgical procedure that involves cutting an opening in a trachea so as to insert a tube that assist in breathing. It can either be a temporary or a permanent. For Temporary tracheostomy a tube is removed after a person gain regular breathing. Permanent tracheostomy is conducted in people with permanent damage of larynx and the tube is never removed (Better Health Channel, 2018).
Chronic Disease / Condition
Clinical Manifestations (symptoms)
Chronic asthma
Difficulty in breathing and coughing
Recurring episodes of wheezing
Both symptoms are severe during the nights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Production of mucus in sputum
Mental status alteration
Chronic pain including back pain
Fatigue
Lack of appetite
Disturbance in sleep (WebMed, 2018)
chronic renal failure
Swollen knees and ankles
Changes in urination frequency
congestive heart failure
Shortage of breath and coughing on lying down
Sudden weight and swollen feet, legs and ankles from retention of fluid
diabetes
Ketones are present in urine
Increased thirst and hunger
eczema
Reddening of patches especially ankles, wrists, hands, necks and upper chest
Raised small bumps which may secrete fluids when scratched
Severe itching at night
incontinence
Leaking of urine when pressure is exerted
coughing, laughing or sneezing
Involuntary urination
motor neurone disease
Change in mental status
Weakness in voice, hands and legs
Epilepsy
Seizures which affect all brain coordinated processes causing: temporary confusion, involuntary jerking movements of legs and arms.
Coma
Lack of consciousness
Uncontrolled spontaneous movement of the body parts including eyes
Osteoarthritis
Pain in joints
Stiffness of joint and restricted movement due to loss of flexibility.
Parkinson’s disease
Rigidity
Tremor in the upper extremity
rheumatoid arthritis
Swelling, tenderness and stiffness of joints
Impaired movement
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
Loss of coordination and imbalance of body parts
Dizziness, nausea and vomiting along with a sudden headache
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Whitening of fingers and tingling during cold
Loss of hair
a. People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2DM) involve their family and society in a number of lifestyle changes. Firstly, the family needs to adjust the diet in order to fit the affected person. This include avoiding sugary food such as sugar, chocolate and sugary beverages. Additionally, the family may need to include all members in glucose tests and insulin injection in order to prevent other incidences of diabetes within the family. The family can support these patients encouraging the lifestyle recommended by physicians to the diabetics and assisting them in injecting the insulin.
People with diabetes experience emotional symptoms such as sleep disturbances, lack of interest in exercises and hobbies, loss or gain of weight and reduced concentration. These symptoms often make them feel sad, anxious and even urge to withdraw from friends and family(Everyday Health, 2018). However, the family can help them overcome this by encouraging, sharing related experiences and taking them to psychiatrist.
Diabetes affects several parts of the body including eyes, pancreas kidney, heart and blood vessels and brain. Increased blood glucose interferes with functioning of such organs causing high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, excessive urination, glaucoma and cataracts, loss of consciousness and increased risks of infection(Healthline, 2018). Family plays a role in reducing the physical damage of diabetes by regularly taking the member to their personal doctor.
People with 2DM have high risks of psychological disorders due to strain while coping up with the condition. Psychological disorders such as impaired cognitive, resilience and depression develop from emotional and physical impacts of diabetes. Poor diet, lack adherence to medication and impaired mental activity contribute to psychological disorders. Family can therefore support the patients in managing the diet and adherence to medication to avoid more negative impacts(Chew, Boon-How, Sazlina, & Aaron, 2014).
The cost of managing 2DM is high. Increasingly, the country spent more economic resources in developing health care system due to increase diabetes incidences. Specifically, People with 2DM incur 2-3 folds more than those without 2DM as coined by Martin, 2009. This creates financial barriers preventing patients from adhering to medication. Family can support the patients overcome such barriers by providing them with health insurance covers that will cover most of their costs(Martin, 2009).
Checking the risks of diabetes through regular diabetes tests, Proper management of diet: Avoiding alcohol and smoking.
b. Regular physical exercise. Exercise helps in managing weight through burning of calories that may be risk factor to reverse of diabetes. Adhere to recommended diet. By appropriately managing their diet, the patients will avoid recurrence of the disease.
I will use the status of the patient in analyzing the response to the strategies. This will include assessing their blood glucose, psychological and physical status. The results obtain from diagnosing such patients will reflect the nutrition, anxiety and the general lifestyle.
The patients who will show positive improvements in diagnosis show their positive response towards the strategies. In contrast, those showing no improvement in their status signify lack of adherence to the strategies that were given.
Person centered nurses are capable of recognizing and maintaining human hood. Additionally, have the heart to develop care plans and pathways through recognizing individuality and uniqueness of the patients. They also focus on their strengths and positive life rather than problems and weaknesses Nevertheless, person centered professionals have the heart of respecting the rights, dignity and autonomy of patients(Caresearch, 2017).
In Australia, several classes of medication are currently used in treatment of type 2 diabetes. These include: Biguanides, Sulphonylureas, Thiazolidinediones, (Glitazones), Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors, Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, Incretin mimetics and Sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors(Diabeteaustralia, 2015).
There is community garden and fresh produce boxes strategy in which all fruits and vegetables are available for patients with diabetes. Also behavioral programs have been developed to encourage patients on the importance of physical exercise and healthy nutrition. Additionally, Greater Green Triangle Diabetes Prevention in my community aims at controlling diabetes through intervention. Participants are subjected to intervals of tests during the exercise and then outcomes measured(Colagiuri, Stephen, Philip, & Magnolia , 2010).
I would document the patients’ history. Reflecting on the documentation will help me in assessing the changes in the condition of the client. Documentation is also important in delivering the medication in accordance to change in the condition. It will help my interdisciplinary team while delivering the health care. As a result, improved and consistent communication will be achieved across the organization(The Royal Children’s Melbourne Hospital, 2018).
10. Ancillary team will help in providing therapeutic and diagnostic services, Pharmacists are important in dispensing medications to my clients, Dietitians to educate the clients on proper nutrition and psychologist to help clients with diabetes experiencing emotional and psychological disorders(Caresearch, 2018).
Rehabilitation strategy
Chronic health problems that relates to the strategy
Benefit to the patient
Physiotherapy
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It gives advice and education on how to manage pain and enhance recovery while continuing with work.
Occupational therapy
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
They help people who had earlier experienced illness in adapting to social environment like school and workplace
Hydrotherapy
Back pain
Helps in improving movements in patients with painful and weak joints
Pilates
Musculoskeletal
Improve flexibility and strength of muscles thereby maintains balance.
Massage
Parkinson’s disease
Helps patients with sleep disturbance and stress by releasing tension through proper blood flow
Art and music therapy
Coma
Improve vision in people with visual and mental impairment
Use of wheelchairs, scooters and walking aids
rheumatoid arthritis
Helps amputated people to interact with the community and continue with their work.
Use of prosthetics
Cancer
It increases the quality of life by promoting physical fitness to people without limbs
The aim of the NDIS is to provide guideline to nurses on how to deal with persons with disability and manage situations as stated in the code. They educate them on appropriate principles and code of conduct in health care delivery. These include working in an attitude that respect such clients and create good environment.
The core of good practice provides professionals dealing with chronic disease the policies instill behavioral, mental and justice to safeguard the patients. Also they improve the practice through research, innovation of new policies and evaluating the outcomes of such practices.
Person Centered Health care Plan center the needs of the patients. It should aim at supporting a person to make right decision on nutrition, medication and managing their condition. The plan should respect the culture of the patients.
According to WHO, chronic diseases are responsible for almost 70% of all deaths in the world. Three quarter of such deaths occur in third world countries. Increase in risks of chronic diseases have been associated with unhealthy diet, alcohol consumption, smoking cigarettes and lack of exercises
National Strategic Framework for Chronic Conditions is framework is policy whose aim is to prevent and manage chronic diseases. It includes policies, strategies, actions and services that provide guidelines on prevention and management.
Continuum of Care is a concept that provides guides through health care services and care to patients over a period of time. The services include housing, ambulatory care, acute hospital care among other services that aim at promoting well-being of the patient. Provisions might start from birth continues throughout life time depending on the condition of a patient.
As reported by Australian Department of Health, chronic diseases are the leading causes of death in Australia. One research in 2014-15, there is incidence of chronic disease in one out of two people. This is more prevalent in Aboriginal and Torres Islander population with 2-3 greater risks than mainstream population.
References
Better Health Channel. (2018). Tracheostomy. Retrieved from Better Health Channel: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/tracheostomy
Cancer Council Victoria. (2018). Australian cancer sites. Retrieved from Cancer Council Victoria: https://www.cancervic.org.au/about/links/australian-cancer-sites
Caresearch. (2017). Person Centred Care. Retrieved from Caresearch: https://www.caresearch.com.au/caresearch/tabid/2515/Default.aspx
Caresearch. (2018). The Role of Health Professionals. Retrieved from Caresearch: https://www.caresearch.com.au/caresearch/ForPatientsandFamilies/AboutPalliativeCare/WhoProvidesPalliativeCare/TheRoleofHealthProfessionals/tabid/954/Default.aspx
Chew, Boon-How, Sazlina, S.-G., & Aaron. (2014). Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients. World journal of diabetes, 796.
Colagiuri, Stephen, Philip, V., & Magnolia , C. (2010). The Sydney Diabetes Prevention Program: a community-based translational study. BMC Public Health , 328.
Diabeteaustralia. (2015). Tablets: Medication for type 2 diabetes. Retrieved from Diabetesaustralia: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/tablets
Diabetesaustralia. (n.d.). Tablets:Medication for type 2 diabetes .
Everyday Health. (2018). The Emotional Toll of Facing a Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis. Retrieved from Everyday Health: https://www.everydayhealth.com/type-2-diabetes/living-with/how-support-family-member-whos-been-diagnosed-with-diabetes/
Healthline. (2018). The Effects of Diabetes on Your Body. Retrieved from Healthline: https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/effects-on-body#1
Martin, S. (2009). II. The economic and social consequences of type 2 diabetes. Gaceta Médica de México, 290-294.
The Royal Children’s Melbourne Hospital. (2018). Nursing documentation. Retrieved from The Royal Children’s Melbourne Hospital: https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/Nursing_documentation/
WebMed. (2018). Do I Have Chronic Pain? Retrieved from WebMed: https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/understanding-pain-management-chronic-pain#1
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